Science and Technology as Drivers of Evolution: "AI as a Design Tool in Innovation Projects." Analysis of Classroom Case Studies.

Abstract

This paper explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a support tool in industrial design processes, based on two case studies developed within the framework of the "Industrial Projects" course at the Faculty of Arts, National University of La Plata (UNLP). The methodology employed combines typological analysis, conceptualization, the use of generative AI (Gemini, Copilot, Firefly), economic feasibility analysis, and critical reflection on the user experience. The results show that AI is particularly useful for rapid visualization of proposals and obtaining market references, but it presents significant limitations in fine morphological control and the resolution of constructive details. The students' reflections, which accurately identify the tool's strengths and weaknesses, constitute the most valuable contribution of this work. It is concluded that AI should be conceived as a complement to professional judgment, not as a substitute for the designer.