Blue economy and artificial intelligence: innovation, sustainability and emerging markets

Abstract

The blue economy seeks to reconcile economic activity without destroying marine resources. In this context, this paper argues that artificial intelligence (AI) should not be seen only as a tool for efficiency, but as a key element for redefining the conditions of ocean environmental viability. Based on a critical review of recent literature, it is argued that AI can contribute to the sustainable management of marine ecosystems, although its impact depends on institutional frameworks capable of preventing the reproduction of technological inequalities and greenwashing practices. The main emerging markets of the blue economy and their connection to international trade are also analyzed, highlighting their potential and limitations in developing countries. In conclusion, the environmental viability of the blue economy does not depend exclusively on technological innovation, but on its integration with public policies, inclusive governance, and environmental justice.